This offense also applies if you were arrested with drugs hidden on your person and you then bring those drugs into the detention facility. How drugs get into prison Suboxone can still be abused, though. Here are seven things you need to know about these drugs: Suboxone is a brand-name combination of buprenorphine, an opioid medication used to treat opioid addiction, and the overdose antidote naloxone, better known in its stand-alone form as Narcan. In one episode, a group of inmates celebrate a female participant's birthday by spiking whippit with Effexor, Depakote, and Remeron, prescription drugs used for treating depression and bipolar disorder. Drugs get to prison inmates in many different ways. Antidepressants are useful in treating depression that can emerge as a result of Cream withdrawal. Corrections officials, along with special agent Patrick Trainor are hired by the American association to collect every variety of plants that are used for medicines. Synthetic nature means the nature of the chemical formula of the synthetic drug is made artificially, the same as the original drug. However, just one of those pills or strips is way too much for a prisoner, whose system is relatively clean because although there are drugs inside, there just isnt as much. What is Clone Drug Clone drugs are synthetic marijuana plant products and synthetic cannabinoids with the same genetic makeup as the original drug. Trace detection tools can help make mail inspection faster and more thorough. This publication is available for your use and may be reproduced in its entirety without permission from NIDA. I am a biotechnologist working on different parameters of diseases and disorders. "It tastes like candy, like a little fluffy candy," an undercover inmate named Stephanie said. peoria times obituaries Navigation. There are certain species of flora and fauna whose complete genome is cloned by this cloning technique by the researchers in the laboratory under specific conditions. Adderall Intended to help kids with attention disorders, Adderall is now the poster child of prescription drug abuse among teens. Fentanyl isnt the only hot contraband drug here are some key facts about two of the substances most often smuggled through the mail, By Rachel Zoch, Corrections1 BrandFocus Staff. Intensive Outpatient The accomplices would then intentionally get arrested so they could smuggle drugs into the facility, often in their body orifices. Lynch said people who use K2 report that feeling is similar not to using marijuana, but rather to ingesting an amphetamine such as cocaine. ImClone's stock price dropped sharply at the end of 2001 when its drug Erbitux, an experimental monoclonal antibody, failed to get the expected Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. Get professional help from an online addiction and mental health counselor from BetterHelp. Have a confidential, completely free conversation with a treatment provider about your financial options. The information provided by Addiction Center is not a substitute for professional treatment advice. 2020, https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/criminal-justice, NIDA. Prison officials need to be able to keep up with the creative and inventive ways inmates are developing to traffic drugs into prisons. By clicking Sign up, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider But the most common method is called boofing, That means someone (and its almost always a woman) fills a balloon up with drugs and passes it to a prisoner she is visiting. [Staff] just gave up trying to control it. Learn the top health tips and trends, and stay in shape the right way!. Meanwhile, the president of the Keystone State Rail Association defended the safety practices of railroads in Pennsylvania. 2017; 112(8): 1408-1418. doi: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. I never tried it. Raymond Hawkins, 38, suffered from an alcohol and crack cocaine addiction before and between a series of stints in jail and prison that spanned most of his adult life. A full dose can make users confused, anxious and paranoid, among other symptoms. These traditional drug tests test other drugs, including synthetic marijuana, synthetic cannabinoids, and many other substances. One Texas corrections official declared K2 the new drug of choice, inside and outside of prison," in 2017. But no longer. (2009). Marijuana isn't as popular because its strong smell makes it easily detectable. Addiction Center receives advertising payments from the treatment providers that respond to chat requests on the websites and is not associated with any specific treatment provider. In one prison there was an Asian cartel: Koreans and Chinese working together to get really pure stuff in, and half the place was addicted to their dope. Several clone drugs nowadays are used by doctors in treatment. Required fields are marked *. Justice involvement patterns, overdose experiences, and naloxone knowledge among men and women in criminal justice diversion addiction treatment. Cells, tissues, and genes can all be cloned by this specific technique. She enjoys traveling, fitness, crafting, and spreading awareness of addiction recovery to help people transform their lives. . Some states are now tearing postage off the mail; by federal mandate you cannot prevent a prisoner from receiving letters, but there is no guarantee of privacy. People can make Cream in their home, in their shed, or in labs from everyday ingredients such as battery acid, cat litter, and antifreeze. HOME; ABOUT ME; WOMEN; MEN; PRICES; HOME; ABOUT ME; WOMEN; MEN; PRICES; PROMOTIONS . No CD002209. According to Zac, inmates coordinated with friends outside the jail, often with illegally obtained cell phones. Retrieved On April 21, 2020 from, WebMD.com. researches product purchases and suppliers. Lexipol. This is enough if your system is clean. Retrieved On April 21, 2020 from, DrugFreeWorld.org. These drugs have the same genetic makeup as the original; they have the same target sites and receptors; therefore, their action work is similar to the original drug. Specifically, something called K2, which is believed to have sickened more than two dozen prison employees. Of the jail's 500 inmates, 80% are in on drug-related charges, according toClark County Sheriff Jamey Noel. Getting high and drug use remains a key problem throughout correctional institutions, said Frunzi. Spending time away from loved ones to use Cream, Withdrawal symptoms (nausea, moodiness, cravings), National Institute on Drug Abuse. Washington D.C.: United States Department of Justice, 2011. Drugs find their way into prisons in numerous ways, which causes problems for the prison system. Correctional officers can never be too vigilant with their searches when it comes to contraband, especially when it comes to the mail. Have a tip for the WESA newsroom? Heroin, once the top illicit drug in prison, has been replaced by the cheaper and easier to smuggle suboxone, which was meant to help opiate addicts. The subsequent season debuted on august 18, 2016. Another significant disadvantage of the clone drug is its overuse. In recent years, Cream has been available in powdered form and flavors mimicking ones found in ice cream, such as chocolate and strawberry, to market it to teens. Along with whole animals and plants, the entire days structure of the original drug is cloned by scientists in the laboratory. National Institute on Drug Abuse website. Criminal Justice DrugFacts. https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/criminal-justice. Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go. (2020.) Effective treatment of substance use disorders for incarcerated people requires a comprehensive approach including the following: Failure to treat substance use disorder in the criminal justice system not only has negative societal implications, but also proves to be expensive. OBrien, C. P. (2016). Addiction Center receives advertising payments from the treatment centers that answer calls to the toll free numbers listed on the websites and is not associated with any specific treatment provider. But it was always heroin that ruled the market. The second is six, every one after that is a year. If users consume Cream in combination with alcohol or another substance, they can expect to experience different side effects; the risk of a fatal overdose can also be vastly increased. You can get anything into prison with a canning machine and a labeler. Officials say she approached a cell to speak with the inmates through a closed cell door and smelled a strong, sweet odor. Treatment providers are waiting for your call: Calls will be forwarded to these paid advertisers, Online chat is conducted by paid advertisers, Online Therapy is offered by paid advertisers. But I wouldn't expect that they'd be able to inhale enough smoke, if they weren't actively smoking it themselves, to get a level that would cause symptoms," West said. Each dose is enough to be high for a day. In addition to Creams ability to create an addiction in its user, it can also be readily available to those seeking the drug. (2008.) as well as other partner offers and accept our, Of the jail's 500 inmates, 80% are in on drug-related charges, according to, As participants on the A&E documentary series". The researchers or the expert can put or incorporate the genes of their interest according to the cloned organism. We may receive advertising fees if you follow links to promoted online therapy websites. Published: April 30, 2020 | Last Edited: October 19, 2022. A spokesman for Pennsylvania Sen. John Fetterman says the Democrat is on a path to recovery after checking himself into a hospital for clinical depression earlier this month, and he is still expected to be away from the Senate for several weeks. In Homo sapiens, identical twins to monozygotic twins are proof of cloning. Please enter valid email address to continue. It is generally the reproduction method used by plants, animals, bacteria, fungi, and many microbes. View our Terms of Service Zac said he. Sign up for notifications from Insider! Pennsylvania's statewide prison system remains locked down after dozens of employees at different locations became sick over the past month. Make a Call COs can then don proper protective gear and swab each piece in the flagged batch to identify the contaminated piece or pieces for destruction. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002209.pub2. A user can snort the powder type through their nose or inject it into their bloodstream. 1.5 million of these inmates met the DSM-IV medical criteria for substance abuse or addiction. These substances or chemical compounds are created in the lab under controlled conditions and then transferred to industries for manufacturing in large quantities. Required fields are marked *. Josh Shapiro announced on Monday that the state Department of Health is opening a health resource center in Darlington Township. Now the question arises, how are clone drugs eco-friendly, and what is the advantage of being eco-friendly? Some of the most common symptoms reported include: Such signs can indicate Cream addiction. The same report showed that the cost of treating drug use (including health costs, hospitalizations, and government specialty treatment) was estimated to be $14.6 billion, a fraction of these overall societal costs.14 It is estimated that the cost to society has increased significantly since the 2007 report, given the growing costs of prescription drug misuse. . The information Zac providedhelped Noelarrest a woman attempting to smuggle contrabandinto the jail in her body orifices shortly after the undercover program ended, Noelconfirmed. Because the full range of chemicals that falls into this category is constantly changing and not fully understood, the full range of symptoms is likewise not well known. Crack is a crystal form of the drug that's smoked and . "Every single pill call there was someone who was cheeking their meds, either to trade them off or to stockpile them to use for getting high.". Two types of cloning are beneficial for humankind. Mattick RP, Breen C, Kimber J, et al. We used data from the Norwegian Offender Mental Health and . / CBS Pittsburgh. Several examples and their characteristic ingredients include: A-bomb: marijuana and heroin. Transfection- Integration of the newly formed DNA sequence in the cell for replication, transformation, and translation. Specifically, something called K2, which is believed to have. Decades of science shows that providing comprehensive substance use treatment to criminal offenders while incarcerated works, reducing both drug use and crime after an inmate returns to the community. Lets issue the different advantages of cloning drugs in detail. Monozygotic twins are produced from the same zygote; they have the same genetic material. Wakeman, S. E., & Rich, J. D. (2015). African Americans and Afro-Caribbean Americans, https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/methamphetamine, https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/crystal-meth-what-you-should_know#1, https://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=2990334&page=1, https://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/crystalmeth.html, https://www.newsweek.com/americas-most-dangerous-drug-117493, https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2018-07/DIR-022-18.pdf, https://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/crystalmeth/what-is-meth-made-from.html. The eighth episode of "60 Days In" airs tonighton A&Eat 10 p.m. EST. Retrieved from https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/criminal-justice, NIDA. Copyright 2023 Science Topics Powered by Science Topics. "We don't know what these substances are, and so you really have to use extreme caution. National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1 Jun. Clone drugs are synthetic marijuana plant products and synthetic cannabinoids with the same genetic makeup as the original drug. It would actually absorb a lot more of the nicotine," Zac said. Mller, L. F., Matic, S., van Den Bergh, B. J., Moloney, K., Hayton, P., & Gatherer, A. Adderall is also among the most popular study aid drugs, which teens seek out to increase their focus and energy levels on exam days and for all-night study sessions. Cloning any cell or cloning any drug is also preferred by the researcher to study the action of that particular drug in the specific cell line. Now lets talk about the overview of therapeutic cloning; this technique is used for making or manufacturing synthetic drugs, including synthetic cannabinoids. In addition, the economic benefits were far greater for individuals receiving time-unlimited treatment. Crystal Meth: What Should You Know? Using Cream has both mental and emotional side effects that are easily recognizable. The Statewide prison system in Pennsylvania remains closed after dozens of its employees at different locations fell ill over the past few months. Instead, they'll get photocopies and the originals will be returned to the sender. The anguish resulting from going it alone can often set the individual up for a relapse. Also known as K2 or spice, these potent substances are created in a lab. By in-vitro interaction, researchers can identify and observe the action of the clone drug on a particular condition in more detail. Criminal Justice DrugFacts. 8 Best Tips, 3 Amazing Reasons That Explain Why Do Dogs Sleep At Your Feet, How to Have a Sexual Dream : 5 Healthy and Positive Ways, What are the Signs a Broken Bone is Healing? Hes probably the only student there who takes a pill every day to not become a junkie again, but you wouldnt ever know. Treatment providers are waiting for your call: It has become the most comprehensive and trusted online destination for correctional professionals nationwide. Heroin used to come in the same way, either packed in bundles of wax baggies or as chunks resembling sticks of chalk. Other health problems associated with Cream use include strokes, high blood pressure, liver failure, heart failure, and fatal overdose. According to Zac, inmates also took advantage of the electronic cigarettes sold atthe jail's commissary, a store in the facility where inmates can buy food, toiletries, and other items. Hence, clone drugs are safer to use; some medicines used in the treatment are meth and insulin derivatives. Cocaine. Upon release, many will return to levels of use similar to what they used before incarceration, not realizing their bodies can no longer tolerate the same doses, increasing their risk of overdose and death.2 One study found that 14.8 percent of all former prisoner deaths from 1999 to 2009 were related to opioids.3 Insufficient pre-release counseling and/or post release follow-up are partially responsible for this alarming increase in mortality.4, Scientific research since the mid-1970s shows that treatment of those with SUDs in the criminal justice system can change their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors toward drug use; avoid relapse; and successfully remove themselves from a life of substance use and crime.5-7 For example, studies suggest that using medications for opioid use disorder treatment in the criminal justice system decreases opioid use, criminal activity post-incarceration, and infectious disease transmission.8-10 Studies have also found that overdose deaths following incarceration were lower when inmates received medications for their addiction.11-12, The recent National Academy of Sciences report on Medications for Opioid Use Disorder stated that only 5% of people with opioid use disorder in jail and prison settings receive medication treatment.13 A survey of prison medical directors suggested that most are not aware of the benefits of using medications with treatment, and when treatment is offered, it usually consists of only behavioral counseling, and/or detoxification without follow-up treatment.13. There are certain species of many plants and animals whose complete researchers clone DNA or the whole genome. This combination is designed to provide relief from opioid withdrawal symptoms without giving the user a high. Retrieved On April 21, 2020 from. Treatment while in jail or prison is critical to reducing overall crime and other drug-related societal burdenssuch as lost job productivity, family disintegration and a continual return to jail or prison, known as recidivism. This drug comes in different forms. blueberry, Myrica, and American Sweetgum. "Every single pill call there was someone who was cheeking their meds, either to trade them off or to stockpile them to usefor getting high," he said. At Clark County Jail, inmates used illegally-obtained cell phones to communicate with accomplices outside the jail. Here, the original drug is referred to as the drug, which is prepared by the plant extract. Society for the Study of Addiction. Pennsylvania Gov. Slang for Drug Combinations. Both the pills and the strips find their way into prison. The top killer . In prisons in the Midwest its often these chemicals, dissolved into a substance like acetone (or other quickly drying solvent), and sprayed onto paper mail. Although it doesnt pose the same respiratory failure risk that fentanyl does, unlike fentanyl Suboxone is very easy to absorb through the skin. Seems to me like they are missing the point, but the addiction makes the decision for them. Clone drugs do not require any plant part for extraction, or they do not need any animal organ to manufacture the medicines. The way dealers got caught, and they all eventually get caught, is when some user with dirty urine drops a dime, or if money from jailhouse accounts is sent to the same address over and over, or if the cops were on to the courier, usually a woman, and searched her on the way in. Join the thousands of people that have called a treatment provider for rehab information. Natural marijuana has a lovely smell apart in case of synthetic marijuana derivates which have very different scents. Although there are no current medications used to treat Cream abuse, patients in a facility can be treated for mental or emotional conditions as a result of Cream addiction. Cloning is a technique to make identical genetic copies of the same species. Inmates with opioid use disorders particularly pose a challenge. Inadequate treatment while incarcerated also contributes to overdoses and deaths when inmates leave the prison system. The dope was available in the yard every day. Altered perception. The dealer calls himself to check the numbers, and the transaction is made. "A synthetic drug like K2 is not going to have a detectable odor or smell like those other drugs do," Trainor said. and that the data you submit is exempt from Do Not Sell My Personal Information requests. Selection- Final and end step is the selection of our cloned cell or the selection of our desired cell. Some inmates discreetly concoct their ownalcohol, nicknamed "hooch," by mixing fruit and sugar in a 2-liter bottle and letting it ferment. Realizing the impact of a drug like Cream is the first step in taking back control of your life. Take steps to catch contraband Suboxone and synthetic marijuana to keep your COs safe and your facility secure. Get browser notifications for breaking news, live events, and exclusive reporting. "It really didn't do anything for them other than the placebo effect of having something in their nose,", NOW WATCH: Heres what happens to the human brain on LSD, toldsouthern Indiana newspaper News and Tribune. Lexipol. Several states have already learned to fear anything orange colored, even insisting on only white envelopes being used for mail so that concealed Suboxone strips can be seen with a light. , J. D. ( 2015 ) inmates leave the prison system remains locked down after of..., identical twins to monozygotic twins are proof of cloning drugs in.... Eco-Friendly, and fatal overdose their lives full dose can make users confused, anxious and,... Referred to as the original drug browser notifications for breaking news, live events and! K2 or spice, these potent substances are created in the same zygote ; have... Yard every day to not become a junkie again, but you wouldnt ever.. Can never be too vigilant with their searches when it comes to contraband, especially when it to... Intentionally get arrested so they could smuggle drugs into the facility, often in their body orifices Suboxone still... Opening a health resource Center in Darlington Township: A-bomb: marijuana and heroin it was always that. Use disorders particularly pose a challenge financial options and then transferred to industries for manufacturing in large quantities is for. Of diseases and disorders and more thorough, '' in 2017 corrections official declared K2 the new drug of,. The laboratory season debuted on august 18, 2016 remains closed after dozens of employees at different locations sick... Without permission from NIDA paranoid, among other symptoms met the DSM-IV medical criteria for abuse. Spice, these potent substances are, and fatal overdose and deaths when leave... Impact of a drug like Cream is the advantage of being eco-friendly same respiratory failure risk that fentanyl does unlike... People that have called a treatment provider about your financial options the inmates a! Intentionally get arrested so they could smuggle drugs into the facility, often with illegally obtained cell phones plant. Only student what is clone drug in jail who takes a pill every day to not become a junkie again but. Spreading awareness of addiction recovery to help kids with attention disorders, adderall is the... In case of synthetic marijuana plant products and synthetic cannabinoids, and Medicine, including synthetic cannabinoids with the through! Past month the nature of the original drug is cloned by this technique. Different ways, it can also be readily available to those seeking the drug jail, often with obtained... Very easy to absorb through the skin medical criteria for substance abuse or addiction is cloned by specific., adderall is now the poster child of prescription drug abuse among teens: United States Department of,... Cream has both mental and emotional side effects that are easily recognizable drug on a particular in... Know what these substances are, and so you really have to use some! One after that is a crystal form of the most common symptoms reported include: A-bomb marijuana... Contributes to overdoses and deaths when inmates leave the prison system in Pennsylvania adderall Intended to help transform. Taking back control of your life hes probably the only student there who takes a pill day... The DSM-IV medical criteria for substance abuse or addiction addiction and mental and... 21, 2020 | Last Edited: October 19, 2022 and naloxone among... Different parameters of diseases and disorders marijuana isn & # x27 ; t as popular because strong... Remains a key problem throughout correctional institutions, said Frunzi speak with the same respiratory failure risk that fentanyl,. From an online addiction and mental health and officials say she approached a cell to speak the... At different locations became sick over the past month correctional professionals nationwide useful in treating that... Pennsylvania 's statewide prison system remains locked down after dozens of employees at different became! Accomplices would then intentionally get arrested so they could smuggle drugs into detention... Days in '' airs tonighton a & Eat 10 p.m. EST addition, the economic benefits were far for... The cell for replication, transformation, and spreading awareness of addiction recovery help. Links to promoted online therapy websites the user a high drug is cloned by scientists in the yard every to... Up for a relapse in-vitro interaction, researchers can identify and observe the action of the most common symptoms include! Need to be high for a day abused, though cannabinoids with the genetic. Links to promoted online therapy websites RP, Breen C, Kimber J, et al or. Also be readily what is clone drug in jail to those seeking the drug, which causes problems for the prison system their! The pills and the transaction is made artificially, the original drug health and cloning ; this is... Very easy to absorb through the skin its user, it can also be available! There who takes a pill every day treatment while incarcerated also contributes to overdoses and deaths when inmates the... A confidential, completely free conversation with a canning machine and a labeler, animals,,... Marijuana plant products and synthetic cannabinoids with the same genetic material they 'll get photocopies and the will. The anguish resulting from going it alone can often set the individual up a. Smoked and topics in a personalized feed while you 're on the go to monozygotic twins are produced the. Cloning ; this technique is used for making or manufacturing synthetic drugs, including synthetic cannabinoids with same. The originals will be returned to the mail for making or manufacturing synthetic drugs, synthetic... It can also be readily available to those seeking the drug that & # ;... Yard every day generally the reproduction method used by plants, animals, bacteria fungi. Enough to be able to keep up with the creative and inventive ways are... Or manufacturing synthetic drugs, including synthetic marijuana plant products and synthetic cannabinoids, and fatal overdose then get. For professional treatment advice like they are missing the point, but you wouldnt ever.! They could smuggle drugs into the detention facility in treating depression that emerge... Zac said of cloning hence, clone drugs are synthetic marijuana plant products and synthetic to! Be cloned by this specific technique are waiting for your use and may reproduced... State Department of health is opening a health resource Center in Darlington Township system remains locked down after dozens employees! And paranoid, among other symptoms always heroin that ruled the market a treatment about!, anxious and paranoid, among other symptoms tonighton a & Eat 10 p.m. EST faster and more.! Is very easy to absorb through the skin the information provided by addiction Center is not substitute. Correctional professionals nationwide accomplices outside the jail a result of Cream withdrawal the of... A day be readily available to those seeking the drug addiction makes the decision for.... Other drugs, including synthetic cannabinoids and trusted online destination for correctional professionals nationwide you links! That & # x27 ; s smoked and creative and inventive ways inmates developing... Online addiction and mental health counselor from BetterHelp to speak with the creative and inventive ways are... Fluffy candy, like a little fluffy candy, '' Zac said using Cream has both mental and side. Like they are missing the point, but you wouldnt ever know himself! And trends, and many microbes Last Edited: October 19, 2022 Eat p.m.. And exclusive reporting professional help from an online addiction and mental health counselor from BetterHelp it tastes like,! Products and synthetic marijuana plant products and synthetic marijuana, synthetic cannabinoids, '' 2017. Traditional drug tests test other drugs, including synthetic cannabinoids and your facility secure numerous. Reported include: A-bomb: marijuana and heroin exempt from do not require any plant part for,!: A-bomb: marijuana and heroin are proof of cloning drugs in.! To communicate with accomplices outside the jail therapeutic cloning ; this technique is used for making or synthetic... More of the synthetic drug is its overuse wouldnt ever know friends outside the 's. Transferred to industries for manufacturing in large quantities J, et al so could! Mattick RP, Breen C what is clone drug in jail Kimber J, et al ; some medicines used the. Opening a health resource Center in Darlington Township, Kimber J, et.! To ME what is clone drug in jail they are missing the point, but the addiction makes the decision for them Clark jail! Which causes problems for the prison system remains locked down after dozens its., 2011 too vigilant with their searches when it comes to the cloned organism railroads in.. The medicines make mail inspection faster and more thorough readily available to those the! Not require any plant part for extraction, or they do not Sell My Personal information.!, these potent substances are created in the cell for replication, transformation, and many other.. Trusted online destination for correctional professionals nationwide from, WebMD.com advantages of cloning drugs in.!, crafting, and exclusive reporting confidential, completely free conversation with a canning machine a. Synthetic drug is its overuse of people that have called a treatment provider about your financial options in back. Help people transform their lives DSM-IV medical criteria for substance abuse or addiction causes problems for the prison system locked... By addiction Center is not a substitute for professional treatment advice past few months smell! Is enough to be able to keep up with the inmates through a closed cell and... A lovely smell apart in case of synthetic marijuana, synthetic cannabinoids with the creative and inventive ways are! County Sheriff Jamey Noel sequence in the yard every day be cloned by scientists in the same zygote they. Artificially, the original drug enough to be able to keep up with the creative and inventive ways inmates developing... Clone DNA or the expert can put or incorporate the genes of their interest according the. Drug use remains a key problem throughout correctional institutions, said Frunzi is used making.
Matt Benson Joe Bonamassa,
William Garretson Obituary,
Articles W
