This enabled the colony to gain greater independence and authority over its own affairs, as well as the ability to extend its territorial holdings and increase its population. Mark Twain lived in Connecticut from 18741891. Recipients of the Charter The charter was granted to Winthrop, John Mason, Samuel Wyllys, Henry Clarke, Matthew Allyn, John Tapping, Nathan Gold, Richard Treat, Richard lord, Henry Wolcott, John Talcott, Daniel Clarke, John Ogden, Thomas Wells, Obadiah Bowed, John Clerke, Anthony Hawkins, John Deming, and Matthew Camfeild. 33. Connecticut had an important part in the development of the United States Constitution, and its ratification aided in the establishment of the new government. See the complete list of the 50 states and their borders here. Passed by Connecticut in May 1901, city speed limits were set at 12 miles per hour. Please read ourPrivacy Policyregarding the use of cookies and visitor tracking. Connecticut's state song today is 'Yankee Doodle'. Designed in the early 20 th century by stage actor William Gillette (he was apparently the first to portray Sherlock Holmes), this medieval Gothic structure hides secret passageways, spying mirrors, and other interesting and whimsical elements. The immigrants used. [5], 32. It is located at Cape Henlopen State Park in Lewes. Connecticut was home to Samuel Colt, the inventor of the revolver. Historical Facts About Connecticut The word Connecticut is derived from a word that the Mohegan tribe had for the long, winding river that flowed through the area that is now Connecticut: "Quinnehtukqut." For thousands of years, the Mohegan were the only inhabitants of the area until English Puritans created a settlement there. Connecticut is nicknamed the Constitution State because The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut first adopted in 1639, served as a model for the U.S. Constitution. However, he betrayed his country when he conspired to surrender West Point to the British. Date Granted King Charles II granted Letters Patent to John Winthrop and a group of businessmen in a charter on April 23, 1662. 1. Natural Resources Access to rivers and the coast made fishing and whaling popular. Mystic Seaport in Connecticut is the largest maritime museum in the world. The name "Connecticut" comes from a Native American word, quinatucquet, roughly meaning "beside the long tidal river." The war resulted in decimation of the Indians. Nicknames given to Connecticut over the years include the Constitution State, the Nutmeg State, the Land of Steady Habits, and the Provisions State. Although Thomas Hooker and his friends did establish a community in Connecticut in 1633, contrary to popular belief, it was not the first permanent English settlement in the region. The settlers were one of the first colonists to treat the Native Americans honestly and justly. The members of Hookers congregation disagreed with the teachings of John Cotton, who was the minister in Boston, so they decided to move into the Connecticut River Valley. In 1662, Governor John Winthrop Jr. was able to secure a charter from King Charles II, which authorized the colony and gave it the authority to merge with New Haven. It was founded in 1638. However, it had less disease. Mark Twain House. William Leete of Guilford, Connecticut, was the governor of New Haven Colony prior to its merger with Connecticut, and he also served as governor of Connecticut after Governor John Winthrop Jr. died in 1675. With a total of 10,565 square miles (27,337 . As of 2021, Vermont's population sits at around 645,000. Rhode Island was the last of the original thirteen colonies to become a state. Accusations peaked in 1662 with the Hartford Witch Panic. Conflicts over territory and resources, as well as tensions between the two tribes, caused the war, which resulted in the annihilation of the Pequot tribe. The first 13 colonies represented by the 13 stripes include Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina and Virginia. In 1662, the River Colony received a charter from King Charles II, which named it the Colony of Connecticut. Until 2020 it had the longest state name. Between 1636 and 1637 the Pequot War was fought between the settlers of the Connecticut Colony and the Pequot Indians. The forest, whales and fish were some natural resources in Connecticut colony. Wondering what was his famous invention; learn that it was his Polaroid Instant Camera. The English took control of the colony from the Dutch by the late 1630s. As the colony grew and flourished, the economy shifted to produce for distant markets, and the colony became an important center of trade and business in the region. Under the charter, Connecticut was given the freedom to govern itself, as long as its laws were based on English law at the time. Fun Facts. He played an important role in the Battle of Quebec and the Saratoga Campaign. The New Haven Colony was settled in 1638. New Hampshire was named for a county in England. Connecticut and Rhode Island have no county government. [1] Connecticuter Mary Kies (1752-1837) was the first woman to receive a U.S. Patent; it was for a new technique of weaving straw with silk and thread. The Swedes arrived in the 1630s to the western shore of . 1788 - Connecticut adopts the U.S. Constitution and becomes the fifth state. Whatever your case, learn the truth of the matter why is Connecticut Colony so important! [16,17], 18. Its distances North to South are 48 miles and East to West 37 miles. The three River Towns Hartford, Wethersfield, and Windsor formed a unified government under the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, the first written constitution in America. The state is named after the Connecticut River, which bisects the state and is a major river in the U.S. Interesting Facts About New York Colony. 43. If you would like to know more, please contact us. In 1937, Connecticut became the first state to issue permanent license plates to cars. Connecticut is one of the 48 contiguous states of the U.S.[1], 33. 26. In 1687 Sir Edward Andros, a governor from another colony attempted to take control of the Connecticut Colony. Maple Sugar Madness. U.S. states and territories facts and photos. Unlike the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Connecticut did not require everyone to be a member of a particular church to vote. The granting of this royal charter was a significant factor in both the growth of the colony and the evolution of the territory into a state. The Connecticut Colony or Colony of Connecticut, originally known as the Connecticut River Colony or simply the River Colony, was an English colony in New England which later became Connecticut.It was organized on March 3, 1636 as a settlement for a Puritan congregation, and the English permanently gained control of the region in 1637 after struggles with the Dutch. There were an estimated 5,000 enslaved African-Americans in the colony in 1774. The New England Colonies included Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. 5Webster, Christine. The first person executed for witchcraft in the American colonies was Alse Young who was hanged in 1647 in Hartford, Connecticut. After their arrival, several colonies were established including the Colony of Connecticut, Old Saybrooke, Windsor, Hartford, and New Haven. Connecticut (/ k n t k t / ()) is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States.It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. In 1687, Governor Andros led a company of soldiers from Boston to Connecticut and ordered that they surrender their charter. Ethan Allen Allen was originally from Litchfield, Connecticut, and played a key role in helping the New Hampshire Grants become the state of Vermont. Interesting Connecticut Colony Facts: The Connecticut Colony was founded by Puritans and there was no tolerance for other religions. Each colonist would be fined if they did not attend the local church. However, the national average is $50,392. John Haynes was Connecticuts first governor. The delegates that would become the infamous Signers of the Declaration of Independence were: Roger Sherman, William Williams, Samuel Huntington, and Oliver Wolcott. Bear Mountain in Salisbury in the northwest corner of the state is the highest peak in the state. Gillette Castle State Park, East Haddam Gillette Castle State Park . Five years later Connecticut ratified, or signed, the U.S. Constitution, becoming the fifth U.S. state. The city was given the nickname The Elm City because the trees planted in the program were elms. The Connecticut Colony was founded in 1636 by a colonist named Thomas Hooker. . The capital city is Hartford. Cool facts about Connecticut. All rights reserved. Benedict Arnold Arnold was from New Haven, Connecticut. The Connecticut Colonys economy began in the 17th century with subsistence farming, as the initial settlers were primarily concerned with providing food to feed themselves and their children. [4], 10. Initially, the law restricted the drivers not to exceed 12 mph. Between 1636 and 1637, the Connecticut Colony settlers and the Pequot Indians fought the Pequot War. The Congregational Church remained Connecticuts state church until 1818 when Connecticut adopted a new Constitution which disestablished it. Like other colonial governments, the Connecticut government's responsibilities included negotiating with Indian tribes and funding missionary efforts. It had the mild and short summer. While investigating facts about Connecticut Colony Religion and Connecticut Colony Government, I found out little known, but curios details like: The first European settlement in the Connecticut Colony occurred in Windsor, and then in the Hartford and Wethersfield areas in 1633. In 1781, he led a British attack on New London, Connecticut. George W. Bush is the only U.S. president, to date, born in Connecticut. Eventually, the Puritans allowed for dissenting churches (Anglicans and Baptists) and the dissenting colonists could avoid a fine if they supported their own church instead. He demanded the charter, but the charter was hidden in an oak tree. Rhode Island shares a state water border with New York. In addition, the charter expanded the boundaries of the colony to include what is now the state of Rhode Island as well as portions of the states of Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania. Rhode Island was named for a Dutch word meaning "red island." On March 30, 1638, New Haven Colony was established near Quinnipiac, west of Saybrook, on the southern coast of Connecticut. Wildflowers include colorful blanketflowers, orange daylilies, violets, and chicory. Get facts and photos about the 5th state. The oldest newspaper in the United States still being published began in Connecticut. 8. He is the only individual to have held the position of governor of both colonies. The document is thought of as a forerunner to the Constitution of the United States of America, and it is believed to have played some role in the formulation of the Constitution of the United States of America. The fertile Connecticut River Valley lent itself to farming crops such as corn and wheat. 5. The Connecticut Colony (aka Colony of Connecticut, Connecticut River Colony or River Colony), was established on March 3, 1636. . The colony had diverse geographical features ranging from lowlands, sandy coastal plains along the Atlantic ocean, and fertile plains along the Hudson River. Did you know that between 1790 and 1890 over 20,000 patents had been granted to over 5,000 Connecticut inventors (including 44 women). Amphibians like northern redback salamanders and endangered mudpuppies call Connecticut home. Gillette Castle is one of Connecticut's most unique attractions. In 1639 The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut were written, which are believed to have formed the U.S. Constitution's basis. Prior Name: Connecticut Colony, then sovereign state in Confederation Postal Abbreviation: CT The Geography of Connecticut Total Size: 4,845 sq. Connecticut State Symbols Trivia. On 9 January 1788, Connecticut became one of states in U.S. The Connecticut Colony colonists prospered in several different sectors including shipbuilding, whaling, fishing, timber, fur trading, livestock, and maple syrup. The first to live there were the Paleo-Indians, who came into the Americas via the Bering Strait from modern-day Russia. 1. Thomas Hooker is known as the Father of Connecticut, even though he did not establish the first settlement in the colony. Its three bordering statesareNew York, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts. It was first called the River Colony and was organized on March 3, 1636. Connecticut is a Democratic Party stronghold. Connecticut was one of the original 13 colonies and played a key role in the Revolutionary War before becoming the fifth state. The first fully operational steel mill in America opened in Simsbury, Connecticut, in 1728.[30]. The soil was rocky, which made it difficult for farmers to cultivate fields and raise certain crops. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Fairfield is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. In fact, the Connecticut colony was the only colony in New England, and the other, Although there was not any internal conflict during the, The British army was then engaged on its way back to Boston in the Battle of Ridgefield. It lasted in service for 25 years. In the towns, hundreds of houses dating from the 17th and 18th centuries are preserved by more than 100 local or national historical societies. The first lollipop was invented in Connecticut. 1.5 Baths. The war resulted in decimation of the Indians. 13. Find out if you are related to any of the early Connecticut Colony Settlers. Fact 1- It was founded by Thomas Hooker and others, at Hartford. The government of the colony of Connecticut was organized into an upper house, comprised of the governor and other magistrates; and a lower house, comprised of representatives from towns. The Stamp Act Congress was held in October 1765 in New York City. All rights reserved. Because of its position and resources, Connecticut was an important center for military action during the conflict. The winter season was colder and longer. Allen is most well known for leading an expedition to capture Fort Ticonderoga on May 10, 1775. The Western Upland, which covers roughly the western third of Connecticut, is filled with steep hills, including the states highest point, Mount Frissell. They bought the land that they settled from the natives. 6. The Connecticut Colony climate was the same as the other New England Colonies which included long cold winters and mild summers. They had to import the agricultural products from other colonies. Connecticut Colony was one of the original 13 colonies in America. Related: 41 Interesting Facts About The Pennsylvania Colony For Kids. He commanded the colonys first warship and later served in King Georges War, the French and Indian War, and the American Revolution. 1662 - The Connecticut Colony receives the Royal Charter from the King of England. The following information is provided for citations. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut remained in place until the U.S Constitution was ratified. In the year 1524, the region of the New York Colony was discovered by Giovanni de Verrazano, who was an Italian explorer and the first to discover the land. Type of Charter and Colony Because the charter was granted to a company, it was a Corporate Charter, which made Connecticut a Charter Colony. The Connecticut Colony or Colony of Connecticut, originally known as the River Colony, was an English colony located in North America that became the U.S. state of Connecticut. The Connecticut Colony was one of the 13 original colonies in America, which were divided into three regions including the New England Colonies, the Middle Colonies, and the Southern Colonies. The state flag has three grape vines on it that stand for the original three settlements. Did you know? Merchants in Connecticut purchased rum, crops, and livestock that were shipped to the Caribbean and Southern Colonies. New Lights sought a more emotional church experience one with which the Old Lights disagreed and fought them. Nicknamed "The Bay State" but also known as the "Colony State," "Old Colony," "The Spirit of America," "The Pilgrim State . Ft. 535 Clintonville Rd, North Haven, CT 06473. During the American Revolution, it was the only colony of the 13 that didn't suffer from internal fighting. A City of History Hartford, Connecticut is steeped in history, having served as the seat of Hartford County since its establishment in 1666. Two years later in 1638 Hooker would preach a sermon on the principles of government that would lead to the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. However, this did not cause a division within the colony. Ten fun facts about Hartford 1. Thomas Hooker is Recognized as the Founder of Connecticut. The Connecticut Colony was the fifth colony to become a state, on January 9. A Puritan and a man of wealth in England, he married Mary Thornton, daughter of . In print since October 29, 1764, The Hartford Courant is the oldest continuously published newspaper in the United States. Nearby homes similar to 1192 Middletown Ave have recently sold between $169K to $169K at an average of $145 per square foot. He led the legendary Green Mountain Boys in several key battles in the early years of the war, including the Battle of Hubbardton and the Battle of Bennington. They were Puritans from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Died: Early in January 1653/54 in Hartford, CT. John Haynes was born May 1, 1594, the son of John and Mary (Michel) Haynes of Great Hadham and Codicote, Hartford and Old Holt, Messing, Essex, England. Both the Dutch and English settlers founded settlements in Connecticut in the early 1630s, and the land soon became a British colony. [10], 25. Iron ore was found in the hills near Litchfield, which led to the development of furnaces to purify the ore so it could be used for metalworking. That award now goes to Massachusetts. Facts about the history, geography, and people of Colonial Connecticut, which was one of the 13 Colonies that declared independence from Great Britain. The Connecticut Colony's landscape was hilly, mountainous, rocky, treed, with lots of rivers and soil unsuitable for farming for most crops. Fun Facts about Connecticut Counties. Andros attempted to gain more authority over the Connecticut Colony by demanding the surrender of the colonys charter and imposing additional taxes and ordinances on the colony. Famous residents of Connecticut include Nathan Hale, a spy during the American Revolution; Revolutionary War general and turncoat Benedict Arnold; actress Katharine Hepburn; and authors Harriet Beecher Stowe and Mark Twain. Later, in 1609, Henry Hudson, who was a British explorer . As a result, they're made up of both salt water and fresh water. David Wooster David Wooster had a long, distinguished career in the Connecticut militia. Connecticut has the highest personal income per capita (more than $70,000) in the country. For many years, he was also a member of the Governors Council, which was a council of counselors to the governor. Facts about Connecticut Colony 4: the economy The economy of the people was based on the export of rum, ship building, and other manufacturing projects. Yankee Doodle is the official state song of Connecticut. 4. Hartford quickly became an important center of . Prior to the war, Warner was a leader of the Green Mountain Boys, along with Ethan Allen, and fought against New York authorities to help settlers in the New Hampshire Grants present-day Vermont to keep their settlements. Connecticut map outline City Guide: Visit Connecticut City Guide for a look at geography, local history, architecture, and culture. But the citizens refused and hid the document in this hollow tree for safe keeping. As early as the year 1614, Dutch merchants had already erected a fort and trading station in the region. The Scoville Memorial Library in Connecticut is the oldest publicly funded library in the U.S. However, this did not cause a division within the colony. Travel through our list of interesting American Samoa facts to experience electric-blue water, stunning beaches, vibrant culture, & a taste of paradise. Delegates at the First Continental Congress included two from New Hampshire, four from Massachusetts, two from Rhode Island, three from Connecticut, nine from New York, five from New Jersey, eight from Pennsylvania, three from Delaware, five from Maryland, seven from Virginia, three from North Carolina, and five from South Carolina. Facts about Connecticut Colony 3: the religions The Puritans dominated Connecticut colony. Mystic Seaport is a restored 18th-century whaling village. The early European settlements in Connecticut were trading posts near present-day Hartford and Windsor. The first permanent English settlement was established at Wethersfield in 1634. One of the valuable sources in the Connecticut Colony was the whale oil. He rose to fame in the early days of the American Revolutionary War and rose to the rank of General. On October 13, 1931, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office officially registered the name "Lolly Pop" to the Bradley Smith Company of New Haven. 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